{"id":265,"date":"2021-12-06T18:43:55","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T17:43:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/2021\/12\/06\/zmena-definicie-znasilnenia\/"},"modified":"2026-02-01T14:20:56","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T13:20:56","slug":"zmena-definicie-znasilnenia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/sk\/zmena-definicie-znasilnenia\/","title":{"rendered":"Zmena defin\u00edcie zn\u00e1silnenia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/www1.pluska.sk\/spravy\/z-domova\/nazivo-ministerka-spravodlivosti-kolikova-predstavuje-novelu-trestneho-zakona-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ministerka<\/a> Kol\u00edkov\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teraz.sk\/slovensko\/rezort-spravodlivosti-planuje-komplexne\/594609-clanok.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chce<\/a> zmenu defin\u00edcie <a href=\"https:\/\/dennikn.sk\/2431369\/sex-v-spanku-ci-v-bezvedomi-je-znasilnenie-ministerka-spravodlivosti-je-za-zmenu-definicie-znasilnenia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zn\u00e1silnenia<\/a>. \u010ci je to dobr\u00fd alebo zl\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov.sk\/Stranky\/aktualitadetail.aspx?announcementID=3411\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">n\u00e1vrh<\/a>, to nevieme <a href=\"https:\/\/dennikn.sk\/minuta\/2632436\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pos\u00fadi\u0165<\/a>, preto\u017ee cel\u00e9 a doslovn\u00e9 znenie jej n\u00e1vrhu nem\u00e1me k dispoz\u00edcii. Pri spr\u00eds\u0148ovan\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona v tejto oblasti si je treba da\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fd pozor, aby bola pr\u00e1vna \u00faprava zadefinovan\u00e1 tak, aby nebol priestor na jej zneu\u017eitie. Tie\u017e je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 aby sa na tvorbe legislat\u00edve v dostato\u010dnej miere podie\u013eali s\u00fadni znalci, ktor\u00ed sa \u0161pecializuj\u00fa na zn\u00e1silnenie, aby boli na jednej strane \u017eeny dostato\u010dne efekt\u00edvne chr\u00e1nen\u00e9, na druhej strane aby sa nevytvoril priestor pre zneu\u017eitie tejto legislat\u00edvy v pr\u00edpade kriv\u00e9ho obvinenia zo zn\u00e1silnenia. Pod\u013ea dostupn\u00fdch inform\u00e1cii sa Kol\u00edkov\u00e1 s odborn\u00edkmi nerad\u00ed a v tejto oblasti po\u010d\u00fava len laick\u00fa neodborn\u00fa verejnos\u0165 ako s\u00fa mimovl\u00e1dne organiz\u00e1cie vr\u00e1tane feministick\u00fdch organiz\u00e1cii. Feministky by nemali do t\u00fdchto vec\u00ed keca\u0165, preto\u017ee ide o sklaman\u00e9 \u017eeny, ktor\u00e9 nemali \u0161\u0165astie na mu\u017eov, nemali vydaren\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy a kv\u00f4li tomu poci\u0165uj\u00fa vo\u010di mu\u017eom krivdu predsudky. Tak\u00e9to osoby by radi vytvorili legislat\u00edvu, ktor\u00e9 by pre \u017eeny vytvorili ve\u013ek\u00fd priestor na zneu\u017eitie pr\u00e1vnej \u00fapravy na kriv\u00e9 obvinenie.\n<br \/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;V mnoh\u00fdch z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch je defin\u00edcia zn\u00e1silnenia zadefinovan\u00e1 tak pr\u00edsne, \u017ee z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00e9 osoby podpisuj\u00fa formul\u00e1re s\u00fahlasu s pohlavn\u00fdm stykom. Je to so strachu s kriv\u00e9ho obvinenia. Kie\u017e by to bol hoax, ale zd\u00e1 sa \u017ee to nie je hoax. Bola by ve\u013ek\u00e1 chyba, ak by norm\u00e1lny pohlavn\u00fd styk bol predmetom strachu s kriv\u00e9ho obvinenia.\n<br \/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Pri nejasnej defin\u00edcii zn\u00e1silnenia nebude jasn\u00e9, \u010di si m\u00e1 mu\u017e pred ka\u017ed\u00fdm pohlavn\u00fdm stykom p\u00fdta\u0165 od \u017eeny slovn\u00e9 povolenie. Alebo ak mu\u017e v sp\u00e1nku prebud\u00ed \u017eenu za \u00fa\u010delom pohlavn\u00e9ho styku, \u010di to z\u00e1kon neumo\u017en\u00ed interpretova\u0165 ako zn\u00e1silnenie, aj ke\u010f s\u00fa partneri vz\u00e1jomnej harm\u00f3nii.\n<br \/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;K\u00fdm v minulosti na sexualitu \u00fato\u010dila cirkev, v s\u00fa\u010dastnosti na sexualitu \u00fato\u010dia pretl\u00e1\u010daj\u00fac do politiky sklaman\u00e9 \u017eeny z feministick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed s ich pochybnou defin\u00edciou zn\u00e1silnenia, ke\u010f sa stane norm\u00e1lny pohlavn\u00fd styk predmetom strachu z kriv\u00e9ho obvinenia.\n<br \/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Zd\u00e1 sa \u017ee aj ministerka Kol\u00edkov\u00e1 mala zl\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti s mu\u017emi \u2013 pevne ver\u00edm, \u017ee toto sklamanie neprenesie do politiky v s\u00favislosti s legislat\u00edvnou \u00fapravou o zn\u00e1silnen\u00ed.Pod\u013ea verejne dostupn\u00fdch inform\u00e1cii, Kol\u00edkov\u00e1 nem\u00e1 die\u0165a, nikdy nebola vydat\u00e1 a nie je zn\u00e1me, \u017ee by mala partnera.\n<br \/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D\u00f4vodov kriv\u00e9ho obvinenia zo zn\u00e1silnenia m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 viacero: forma rie\u0161enia konfliktov medzi partnermi, n\u00e1stroj na vydieranie napr\u00edklad pre \u00fa\u010del z\u00edskania pe\u0148az\u00ed.\n<br \/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie a najbe\u017enej\u0161ie formy sexu\u00e1lneho n\u00e1silia nevyrie\u0161i \u017eia\u013e ani spr\u00edsnenie trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona. Ke\u010f si dvaja partneri zober\u00fa spolo\u010dn\u00fd \u00faver na b\u00fdvanie, a nesk\u00f4r im to prestane klapa\u0165, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre \u017eenu extr\u00e9mne komplikovan\u00e9. Od\u00eds\u0165 z bytu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 finan\u010dne nev\u00fdhodn\u00e9 nako\u013eko ve\u013ek\u00fa \u010das\u0165 z hypot\u00e9ky u\u017e zaplatila, z\u00edska\u0165 byt pre seba cel\u00fd je tie\u017e nere\u00e1lne. Tak\u00e1to \u017eena m\u00f4\u017ee prakticky zn\u00e1sil\u0148ovan\u00e1 proti svojej v\u00f4li len z ekonomicko existen\u010dn\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov. Rie\u0161enie by boli lacn\u00e9 n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 byty, ktor\u00e9 na Slovensku nie s\u00fa.\n<br \/>In\u00e1 v nie\u010dom podobn\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia je, kedy z ekonomicko existen\u010dn\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov rozchod s partnerom pre \u017eenu s ktor\u00fdm si nerozumie, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 prakticky nemo\u017en\u00fd, a to o to viac ak m\u00e1 aj deti. Od\u00eds\u0165 od partnera na ulicu aj s de\u0165mi nie je rie\u0161enie a lacn\u00e9 n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 je na Slovensku nedostupn\u00e9. Znovu rie\u0161enie by boli lacn\u00e9 n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 byty.<br \/><br \/>Nov\u00e1 zbra\u0148 u rozvod\u016f? K\u0159iv\u00e9 obvin\u011bn\u00ed ze sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Jednou ze zbran\u00ed v boji o d\u011bti p\u0159i rozvodu \u010di rozchodu se v posledn\u00edch letech stalo fale\u0161n\u00e9 obvin\u011bn\u00ed ze sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159istupuj\u00ed k n\u011bmu n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u017eeny, aby sv\u00e9mu b\u00fdval\u00e9mu mu\u017ei \u010di partnerovi znemo\u017enily kontakt s potomkem. V praxi se s k\u0159iv\u00fdm obvin\u011bn\u00edm setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed policist\u00e9, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovnice, soudci, psychologov\u00e9 \u010di experti, kte\u0159\u00ed pom\u00e1haj\u00ed ob\u011btem trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f.\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/prima.iprima.cz\/zpravodajstvi\/nova-zbran-u-rozvodu-krive-obvineni-ze-sexualniho-zneuzivani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/prima.iprima.cz\/zpravodajstvi\/nova-zbran-u-rozvodu-krive-obvineni-ze-sexualniho-zneuzivani<\/a><br \/><br \/><h2><strong>Pre\u010do by poslanci nemali hlasova\u0165 za zmenu defin\u00edcie zn\u00e1silnenia?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Jedn\u00e1 sa o n\u00e1vrh extr\u00e9mneho feministick\u00e9ho hnutia. Feministky s\u00fa \u017eeny, sklaman\u00e9 z l\u00e1sky, sklaman\u00e9 z mu\u017eov, \u017eeny zo zranenou a zakomplexovanou osobnos\u0165ou z nevydaren\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov. Jedn\u00e1 sa o \u017eeny, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa predsudky vo\u010di mu\u017eom. Exministerka Kol\u00edkov\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 pri\u0161la s t\u00fdmto n\u00e1vrhom je tie\u017e sklaman\u00e1 z mu\u017eov.\n<\/li>\n<li>dan\u00fd n\u00e1vrh je ideologick\u00fd a nebol prediskutovan\u00fd s odborn\u00edkmi, ktor\u00ed sa re\u00e1lne \u0161pecializuj\u00fa na t\u00fato t\u00e9mu. Objavili sa hoaxy, \u017ee vraj n\u00e1vrh poch\u00e1dza z dielne odborn\u00edkov. Nie je to pravda.\n<\/li>\n<li>kontroverzn\u00fa defin\u00edciu zn\u00e1silnenia, ktor\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje akt\u00edvny s\u00fahlas maj\u00fa len tri \u0161t\u00e1ty: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.novinky.cz\/clanek\/domaci-zmena-definice-znasilneni-falesna-obvineni-neprinesla-40420343\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D\u00e1nsko, \u0160v\u00e9dsko a Ve\u013ek\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nia<\/a>. Jedn\u00e1 sa o pr\u00e1vny experiment. Nevid\u00edm d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do by sa malo sta\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou tak\u00e9hoto experimentu aj Slovensko. Kde sa pon\u00e1h\u013eame?\n<\/li>\n<li>Aj s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 defin\u00edcia zn\u00e1silnenia vy\u017eaduje akt\u00edvny s\u00fahlas a existuj\u00fa aj pr\u00edpady z pr\u00e1vnej praxe, kde boli p\u00e1chatelia kv\u00f4li absencii akt\u00edvneho s\u00fahlasu pr\u00e1voplatne ods\u00faden\u00ed. Ne je potrebn\u00e9 t\u00fato defin\u00edciu spr\u00eds\u0148ova\u0165.\n<\/li>\n<li>Trestn\u00fd z\u00e1kon \u00a7 199, hovor\u00ed o zneu\u017eit\u00ed bezbrannosti obeti, \u010do v praxi znamen\u00e1 po\u017eadovanie akt\u00edvneho s\u00fahlasu. Citujem <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zakonypreludi.sk\/zz\/2005-300#p199\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">trestn\u00fd z\u00e1kon<\/a> \u201ekto na tak\u00fd \u010din zneu\u017eije jej bezbrannos\u0165\u201c\n<\/li>\n<li>ve\u013ek\u00fd probl\u00e9m m\u00f4\u017ee nasta\u0165 ak pojem \u201eakt\u00edvny s\u00fahlas\u201c bude pr\u00edli\u0161 \u0161iroko zadefinovan\u00fd. Je nevyhnutn\u00e9 ho ve\u013emi presne zadefinova\u0165 \u010do sa pod t\u00fdm mysl\u00ed. Exministerka Kol\u00edkova hovorila o extr\u00e9mne \u0161irokom a bli\u017e\u0161ie nedefinovanom v\u00fdzname tohto pojmu. Tak\u00e9to defin\u00edcia m\u00f4\u017ee vytvori\u0165 \u0161irok\u00fd priestor na kriv\u00e9 obvinenia. Sta\u010d\u00ed ak partner po\u010das sp\u00e1nku alebo polosp\u00e1nku v noci v posteli zobud\u00ed partnerku a u\u017e to bude pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za zn\u00e1silnenie. V takom pr\u00edpade sa vytv\u00e1ra \u0161irok\u00fd priestor ako m\u00f4\u017ee \u017eena rie\u0161i\u0165 svoj man\u017eelsk\u00fd spor pred rozvodom. Dobr\u00fd sp\u00f4sob ako sa pomsti\u0165 man\u017eelovi. Tak\u00e1to forma kriv\u00fdch obvinen\u00ed nebude zapo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e1 do ofici\u00e1lnych \u0161tatist\u00edk ako kriv\u00e9 obvinenie, ale ako plnohodnotn\u00e9 zn\u00e1silnenie a plnohodnotn\u00fd trestn\u00fd \u010din\n<\/li>\n<li>\u010eal\u0161\u00ed d\u00f4vod kriv\u00e9ho obvinenia m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 tak\u00fd, \u017ee milenka pod hrozbou trestn\u00e9ho ozn\u00e1menia m\u00f4\u017ee sexu\u00e1lneho partnera vydiera\u0165 aby jej dal nejak\u00fa konkr\u00e9tnu sumu pe\u0148az\u00ed.\n<\/li>\n<li>V z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch kde bola prijat\u00e1 t\u00e1to kontroverzn\u00e1 defin\u00edcia zn\u00e1silnenia, maj\u00fa mu\u017ei a\u017e tak ve\u013ek\u00fd strach z kriv\u00e9ho obvinenia, \u017ee pred sexom od svojich partneriek vy\u017eaduj\u00fa p\u00edsomn\u00e9 vyplnenia formul\u00e1ra, kde potvrdzuj\u00fa svoj akt\u00edvny s\u00fahlas. Naozaj toto chceme aj na Slovensku aby mali \u013eudia strach aj z norm\u00e1lneho zdrav\u00e9ho sexu\u00e1lneho vz\u0165ahu?!\n<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1stanci zmeny defin\u00edcie zn\u00e1silnenia tvrdia, \u017ee takouto legislat\u00edvnou zmenou bude obe\u0165 chr\u00e1nen\u00e1 aj v pr\u00edpade \u017ee bude zn\u00e1silnen\u00e1 pod vplyvom drog alebo pod vplyvom alkoholu. Alebo \u017ee v pr\u00edpade stresu zostane obe\u0165 stuhnut\u00e1 a nedok\u00e1\u017ee sa br\u00e1ni\u0165. Aj s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 znenie z\u00e1kona chr\u00e1ni obe\u0165 aj v tomto pr\u00edpade. Mohli by sme diskutova\u0165 \u010di dostato\u010dne. Tento n\u00e1vrh radik\u00e1lneho feministick\u00e9ho hnutia je pr\u00edli\u0161 vyhroten\u00fd zase do opa\u010dn\u00e9ho extr\u00e9mu. Mus\u00edme h\u013eada\u0165 zdrav\u00fa rovnov\u00e1hu.\n<\/li>\n<li>Osobne nem\u00e1m ni\u010d proti zmene defin\u00edcie zn\u00e1silnenia, av\u0161ak pojem \u201eakt\u00edvny s\u00fahlas\u201c mus\u00ed by\u0165 ve\u013emi d\u00f4sledne zadefinovan\u00fd, aby sa nevytv\u00e1ral priestor pre ak\u00e9ko\u013evek zneu\u017eitie tohto pojmu a musia sa na tvorbe takejto legislat\u00edvy podie\u013ea\u0165 relevantn\u00fd odborn\u00edci, nie feministick\u00e9 hnutie. Mali by sme sa tie\u017e pou\u010di\u0165 z ch\u00fdb troch z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov, ktor\u00e9 prist\u00fapili k tomuto kontroverzn\u00e9mu experimentu.\n<\/li>\n<li>V pr\u00edpade Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nie existuje podrobnej\u0161ia defin\u00edcia pojmu \u201eakt\u00edvny s\u00fahlas\u201c, aby sa nevytv\u00e1ral priestor na zneu\u017eitie tak\u00e9hoto znenia s \u010d\u00edm sa ale pri Kol\u00edkovej n\u00e1vrhu nepo\u010d\u00edta. Tie\u017e by sa dalo diskutova\u0165, \u010di je dan\u00e1 defin\u00edcia dostato\u010dn\u00e1\n<\/li>\n<li>Nov\u00e1 zbra\u0148 u rozvod\u016f? K\u0159iv\u00e9 obvin\u011bn\u00ed ze sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/prima.iprima.cz\/zpravodajstvi\/nova-zbran-u-rozvodu-krive-obvineni-ze-sexualniho-zneuzivani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/prima.iprima.cz\/zpravodajstvi\/nova-zbran-u-rozvodu-krive-obvineni-ze-sexualniho-zneuzivani<\/a>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ministerka Kol\u00edkov\u00e1 chce zmenu defin\u00edcie zn\u00e1silnenia. \u010ci je to dobr\u00fd alebo zl\u00fd n\u00e1vrh, to nevieme pos\u00fadi\u0165, preto\u017ee cel\u00e9 a doslovn\u00e9 znenie jej n\u00e1vrhu nem\u00e1me k dispoz\u00edcii. Pri spr\u00eds\u0148ovan\u00ed trestn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona v tejto oblasti si je treba da\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fd pozor, aby bola pr\u00e1vna \u00faprava zadefinovan\u00e1 tak, aby nebol priestor na jej zneu\u017eitie. Tie\u017e je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 aby &#8230; <a title=\"Zmena defin\u00edcie zn\u00e1silnenia\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/sk\/zmena-definicie-znasilnenia\/\" aria-label=\"Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si viac o Zmena defin\u00edcie zn\u00e1silnenia\">\u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=265"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/politika\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}