{"id":3779,"date":"2026-07-08T23:47:02","date_gmt":"2026-07-08T21:47:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/?p=3779"},"modified":"2026-07-09T22:40:45","modified_gmt":"2026-07-09T20:40:45","slug":"spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/","title":{"rendered":"Spolupr\u00e1ca medzi Katol\u00edckou cirkvou a nemeck\u00fdm nacizmom"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Adolf_Hitler_sa_narodil_19_rokov_po_zatvoreni_zidovskeho_geta_v_papezskom_state_Inspiroval_sa_nim\" >Adolf Hitler sa narodil 19 rokov po zatvoren\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho geta v p\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te. In\u0161piroval sa n\u00edm<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#1_Spresnenie_casovej_osi\" >1. Spresnenie \u010dasovej osi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#2_Nosenie_zltych_kruhov_v_Papezskom_state\" >2. Nosenie \u017elt\u00fdch kruhov v P\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Povod_nariadenia_Rok_1215\" >P\u00f4vod nariadenia (Rok 1215)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Forma_oznacenia_Zlty_kruh_rota\" >Forma ozna\u010denia: \u017dlt\u00fd kruh (rota)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Pravidla_rimskeho_geta_Papezska_bula_z_roku_1555\" >Pravidl\u00e1 r\u00edmskeho geta (Pape\u017esk\u00e1 bula z roku 1555)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#3_Prepojenie_s_nacistickou_zltou_hviezdou\" >3. Prepojenie s nacistickou \u017eltou hviezdou<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Historia_sa_opakuje_Kym_politici_za_vojnoveho_slovenskeho_statu_sa_ospravedlnovali_nenavist_voci_Zidom_krestanskou_retorikou_rovnako_sucasny_politici_ako_sucasni_politici_si_ospravedlnuju_nenavist_voci_LGBT_konzervativnymi_krestanskymi_hodnotami_Ake_teologicke_antisemitske_teologicke_argumenty_pouzival_Jozef_Tiso_a_dalsi_clenovia_jeho_vlady\" >Hist\u00f3ria sa opakuje. K\u00fdm politici za vojnov\u00e9ho slovensk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu sa ospravedl\u0148ovali nen\u00e1vis\u0165 vo\u010di \u017didom kres\u0165anskou r\u00e9torikou, rovnako s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd politici ako s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00ed politici si ospravedl\u0148uj\u00fa nen\u00e1vis\u0165 vo\u010di LGBT (konzervat\u00edvnymi kres\u0165ansk\u00fdmi hodnotami). Ak\u00e9 teologick\u00e9 antisemitsk\u00e9 teologick\u00e9 argumenty pou\u017e\u00edval Jozef Tiso a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u010dlenovia jeho vl\u00e1dy?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#1_Ohybanie_prikazania_lasky_%E2%80%9ESebaobrana%E2%80%9C_ako_primarna_Bozia_vola\" >1. Oh\u00fdbanie prik\u00e1zania l\u00e1sky: \u201eSebaobrana\u201c ako prim\u00e1rna Bo\u017eia v\u00f4\u013ea<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#2_Koncept_%E2%80%9ESocialnej_spravodlivosti%E2%80%9C_ako_napravy_hriechu\" >2. Koncept \u201eSoci\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti\u201c ako n\u00e1pravy hriechu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#3_Vyuzitie_tradicneho_antijudaizmu_o_%E2%80%9EKolektivnej_vine%E2%80%9C_za_smrt_Krista\" >3. Vyu\u017eitie tradi\u010dn\u00e9ho antijudaizmu o \u201eKolekt\u00edvnej vine\u201c za smr\u0165 Krista<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#4_Narod_ako_Bozi_tvorivy_poriadok_Stefan_Polakovic_a_ideologia_statu\" >4. N\u00e1rod ako Bo\u017e\u00ed tvoriv\u00fd poriadok (\u0160tefan Polakovi\u010d a ideol\u00f3gia \u0161t\u00e1tu)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#5_Statna_moc_ako_vykonavatel_Bozej_vole_List_Rimanom_13\" >5. \u0160t\u00e1tna moc ako vykon\u00e1vate\u013e Bo\u017eej v\u00f4le (List Rimanom 13)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Zhrnutie\" >Zhrnutie<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Pred_druhym_Vatikanskym_koncilom_jeden_z_hlavnych_pilierov_ucenie_katolickej_cirkvi_bol_antisemitizmus_Ako_sa_stavala_slovenska_katolicka_cirkev_k_nacizmu_Ako_sa_stavali_ku_nacistickemu_prenasledovaniu_zidov_a_ku_koncentracnym_taborom_Ako_bol_postoj_slovenskych_biskupov_Existovalo_nejake_stanovisko_vtedajsej_biskupskej_konferencie_biskupskeho_zboru_Kolko_percent_biskupov_podporovalo_nacizmus\" >Pred druh\u00fdm Vatik\u00e1nskym koncilom jeden z hlavn\u00fdch pilierov u\u010denie katol\u00edckej cirkvi bol antisemitizmus. Ako sa stavala slovensk\u00e1 katol\u00edcka cirkev k nacizmu? Ako sa stavali ku nacistick\u00e9mu prenasledovaniu \u017eidov a ku koncentra\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e1borom? Ako bol postoj slovensk\u00fdch biskupov? Existovalo nejak\u00e9 stanovisko vtedaj\u0161ej biskupskej konferencie \/ biskupsk\u00e9ho zboru? Ko\u013eko percent biskupov podporovalo nacizmus?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#1_Krestansky_antijudaizmus_ako_zivna_poda_pre_rasovy_antisemitizmus\" >1. Kres\u0165ansk\u00fd antijudaizmus ako \u017eivn\u00e1 p\u00f4da pre rasov\u00fd antisemitizmus<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#2_Vztah_slovenskej_katolickej_cirkvi_k_nacizmu\" >2. Vz\u0165ah slovenskej katol\u00edckej cirkvi k nacizmu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#3_Postoj_k_prenasledovaniu_Zidov_a_deportaciam\" >3. Postoj k prenasledovaniu \u017didov a deport\u00e1ci\u00e1m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#4_Postoj_biskupskeho_zboru_a_oficialne_stanoviska\" >4. Postoj biskupsk\u00e9ho zboru a ofici\u00e1lne stanovisk\u00e1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#5_Konkretne_postoje_osobnosti_biskupstva\" >5. Konkr\u00e9tne postoje osobnost\u00ed biskupstva<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Ako_sa_stavala_nemecka_katolicka_cirkev_k_nacizmu_Ako_sa_stavali_ku_nacistickemu_prenasledovaniu_zidov_a_ku_koncentracnym_taborom_Ako_bol_postoj_nemeckych_biskupov_Existovalo_nejake_stanovisko_vtedajsej_biskupskej_konferencie_biskupskeho_zboru_Kolko_percent_biskupov_podporovalo_nacizmus\" >Ako sa stavala nemeck\u00e1 katol\u00edcka cirkev k nacizmu? Ako sa stavali ku nacistick\u00e9mu prenasledovaniu \u017eidov a ku koncentra\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e1borom? Ako bol postoj nemeck\u00fdch biskupov? Existovalo nejak\u00e9 stanovisko vtedaj\u0161ej biskupskej konferencie \/ biskupsk\u00e9ho zboru? Ko\u013eko percent biskupov podporovalo nacizmus?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#1_Postoj_nemeckych_biskupov_pred_nastupom_Hitlera_k_moci_do_r_1933\" >1. Postoj nemeck\u00fdch biskupov pred n\u00e1stupom Hitlera k moci (do r. 1933)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#2_Zmena_kurzu_po_roku_1933_and_Rissky_konkordat\" >2. Zmena kurzu po roku 1933 and R\u00ed\u0161sky konkord\u00e1t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#3_Postoj_k_prenasledovaniu_Zidov_a_koncentracnym_taborom\" >3. Postoj k prenasledovaniu \u017didov a koncentra\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e1borom<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#A_Oficialne_stanovisko_biskupskej_konferencie_Ticho_a_diplomacia\" >A. Ofici\u00e1lne stanovisko biskupskej konferencie (Ticho a diplomacia)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#B_Individualne_vynimky_a_odpor\" >B. Individu\u00e1lne v\u00fdnimky a odpor<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#4_Kolko_percent_biskupov_podporovalo_nacizmus\" >4. Ko\u013eko percent biskupov podporovalo nacizmus?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#Extremne_pripady\" >Extr\u00e9mne pr\u00edpady:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/#5_Priznanie_spoluviny_2020\" >5. Priznanie spoluviny (2020)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 6px; margin-bottom: 3px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.45em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Adolf_Hitler_sa_narodil_19_rokov_po_zatvoreni_zidovskeho_geta_v_papezskom_state_Inspiroval_sa_nim\"><\/span><strong>Adolf Hitler sa narodil 19 rokov po zatvoren\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho geta v p\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te. In\u0161piroval sa n\u00edm<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Nacisti v 20. storo\u010d\u00ed nevymysleli ozna\u010dovanie \u017didov \u017eltou farbou \u2013 iba zmodernizovali a zneu\u017eili stredovek\u00e9 a novovek\u00e9 nariadenia, v ktor\u00fdch hral P\u00e1pe\u017esk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t a r\u00edmske katol\u00edcke pr\u00e1vo z\u00e1sadn\u00fa \u00falohu[<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Yellow_badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Ke\u010f\u017ee v roku 2026 m\u00e1me k dispoz\u00edcii detailne zmapovan\u00e9 historick\u00e9 pramene, m\u00f4\u017eeme presne spresni\u0165 \u010dasov\u00fa os a dolo\u017ei\u0165 fakty o \u017elt\u00fdch ozna\u010deniach:<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Spresnenie_casovej_osi\"><\/span>1. Spresnenie \u010dasovej osi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Z\u00e1nik r\u00edmskeho geta:<\/strong> R\u00edmske geto (posledn\u00e9 v P\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te a na Apeninskom polostrove) bolo definit\u00edvne zru\u0161en\u00e9 v <strong>septembri 1870<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.imb.org\/2018\/10\/31\/the-story-of-romes-jewish-ghetto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/theroyaltourblog.com\/2023\/10\/11\/romes-jewish-ghetto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>]. Stalo sa tak po dobyt\u00ed R\u00edma talianskym vojskom kr\u00e1\u013ea Viktora Emanuela II. a z\u00e1niku samotn\u00e9ho P\u00e1pe\u017esk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu (ktor\u00fd sa zl\u00fa\u010dil s novozjednoten\u00fdm Talianskym kr\u00e1\u013eovstvom)[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.imb.org\/2018\/10\/31\/the-story-of-romes-jewish-ghetto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/theroyaltourblog.com\/2023\/10\/11\/romes-jewish-ghetto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>]. Samotn\u00e9 hradby geta boli kompletne zb\u00faran\u00e9 v roku 1888 v r\u00e1mci moderniz\u00e1cie mesta[<a href=\"https:\/\/theroyaltourblog.com\/2023\/10\/11\/romes-jewish-ghetto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visitjewishitaly.it\/en\/listing\/ghetto-of-rome\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Narodenie Adolfa Hitlera:<\/strong> Adolf Hitler sa narodil 20. apr\u00edla 1889. Narodil sa teda <strong>19 rokov po z\u00e1niku P\u00e1pe\u017esk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu a geta<\/strong> (alebo iba 1 rok po fyzickom zb\u00faran\u00ed jeho hradieb v R\u00edme)[<a href=\"https:\/\/theroyaltourblog.com\/2023\/10\/11\/romes-jewish-ghetto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Nosenie_zltych_kruhov_v_Papezskom_state\"><\/span>2. Nosenie \u017elt\u00fdch kruhov v P\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>\u00c1no, \u017didia v P\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te museli povinne nosi\u0165 \u017elt\u00e9 ozna\u010denia, pri\u010dom jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch symbolov bol pr\u00e1ve \u017elt\u00fd kruh.<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/jewish-badge-origins\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/2317-badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>]<\/p>\r\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 1px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.1em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Povod_nariadenia_Rok_1215\"><\/span>P\u00f4vod nariadenia (Rok 1215)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Prv\u00fa ofici\u00e1lnu povinnos\u0165 odli\u0161ova\u0165 sa v obliekan\u00ed pre \u017didov a moslimov v kres\u0165anskej Eur\u00f3pe zaviedol <strong>\u0160tvrt\u00fd later\u00e1nsky koncil v roku 1215<\/strong> pod veden\u00edm p\u00e1pe\u017ea Inocenta III. (k\u00e1non 68)[<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Yellow_badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>]. Cie\u013eom bolo zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 neform\u00e1lnemu mie\u0161aniu obyvate\u013estva[<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Yellow_badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 1px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.1em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Forma_oznacenia_Zlty_kruh_rota\"><\/span>Forma ozna\u010denia: \u017dlt\u00fd kruh (rota)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">V talianskych \u00fazemiach a v P\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te toto ozna\u010denie naj\u010dastej\u0161ie nadobudlo podobu <strong>\u017elt\u00e9ho kruhu<\/strong> (v latin\u010dine rota \u2013 koleso, v talian\u010dine ruota)[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/2317-badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">I\u0161lo o kruh zo \u017eltej plsti alebo l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00fd si \u017didia museli pevne na\u0161i\u0165 na vidite\u013en\u00e9 miesto na vrchnom odeve (zvy\u010dajne na hrudi alebo na chrbte)[<a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/jewish-badge-origins\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/2317-badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Tento kruh symbolizoval slnko, mincu (odkaz na \u00fa\u017eeru a peniaze) alebo ter\u010d, no jeho prim\u00e1rnym cie\u013eom bolo spolo\u010densk\u00e9 stigmatizovanie a pon\u00ed\u017eenie[<a href=\"https:\/\/humwp.ucsc.edu\/vja\/2006\/media\/text\/JewBadgeItaly.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/the-long-history-of-forcing-jews-to-wear-anti-semitic-badges-180981829\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 1px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.1em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pravidla_rimskeho_geta_Papezska_bula_z_roku_1555\"><\/span>Pravidl\u00e1 r\u00edmskeho geta (Pape\u017esk\u00e1 bula z roku 1555)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Ke\u010f p\u00e1pe\u017e Pavol IV. v roku 1555 vydal sl\u00e1vnu bulu Cum nimis absurdum (ktorou ofici\u00e1lne zriadil uzavret\u00e9 r\u00edmske geto), pravidl\u00e1 ozna\u010dovania spr\u00edsnil a zmenil ich formu[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cum_nimis_absurdum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Cum_nimis_absurdum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>]:<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Mu\u017ei<\/strong> museli pri odchode z geta povinne nosi\u0165 <strong>\u017elt\u00fd klob\u00fak<\/strong> alebo \u010diapku (vtedaj\u0161\u00ed taliansky v\u00fdraz sciamanno)[<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Cum_nimis_absurdum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roman_Ghetto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>\u017deny<\/strong> museli nosi\u0165 <strong>\u017elt\u00fa \u0161atku, z\u00e1voj alebo z\u00e1bal hlavy<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cum_nimis_absurdum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roman_Ghetto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>] (\u010do bola v R\u00edme predt\u00fdm povinn\u00e1 farba vyhraden\u00e1 pre prostit\u00fatky, \u010d\u00edm chcela cirkevn\u00e1 moc \u017eidovsk\u00e9 \u017eeny z\u00e1merne pon\u00ed\u017ei\u0165).<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">V\u00fdnimky z nosenia \u017elt\u00e9ho ozna\u010denia sa neude\u013eovali a za poru\u0161enie hrozili pr\u00edsne pokuty alebo telesn\u00e9 tresty[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/the-long-history-of-forcing-jews-to-wear-anti-semitic-badges-180981829\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/primary-texts-from-the-history-of-the-relationship\/paul-iv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Prepojenie_s_nacistickou_zltou_hviezdou\"><\/span>3. Prepojenie s nacistickou \u017eltou hviezdou<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Ke\u010f nacistick\u00fd re\u017eim v roku 1939 v okupovanom Po\u013esku a nesk\u00f4r v roku 1941 v celom Tre\u0165om r\u00ed\u0161i (a jeho satelitoch, vr\u00e1tane Slovenska) zaviedol povinn\u00e9 nosenie \u017eltej \u0161es\u0165c\u00edpej hviezdy (Judenstern), priamo nadviazal na tieto stredovek\u00e9 a novovek\u00e9 cirkevn\u00e9 predpisy[<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Yellow_badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/wwv.yadvashem.org\/odot_pdf\/microsoft%20word%20-%2059.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Zatia\u013e \u010do v stredovekom P\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te bol naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edm ozna\u010den\u00edm <strong>\u017elt\u00fd kruh (rota)<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/jewish-badge-origins\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/articles\/2317-badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>] alebo <strong>\u017elt\u00fd klob\u00fak<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/the-long-history-of-forcing-jews-to-wear-anti-semitic-badges-180981829\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cum_nimis_absurdum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>], nacisti tento koncept len graficky upravili na \u017elt\u00fa D\u00e1vidovu hviezdu s ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fdm n\u00e1pisom[<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Yellow_badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/wwv.yadvashem.org\/odot_pdf\/microsoft%20word%20-%2059.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>]. Psychologick\u00fd a diskrimina\u010dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010del \u2013 izolova\u0165 skupinu obyvate\u013estva, ozna\u010di\u0165 ju na verejnosti za \u201enebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch cudzincov\u201c a u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 ich neskor\u0161iu perzek\u00faciu \u2013 v\u0161ak zostal identick\u00fd[<a href=\"https:\/\/grokipedia.com\/page\/Yellow_badge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/museeholocauste.ca\/en\/objects\/george-ehrmans-yellow-star\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14<\/a>].<br \/>\r\n&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 6px; margin-bottom: 3px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.45em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historia_sa_opakuje_Kym_politici_za_vojnoveho_slovenskeho_statu_sa_ospravedlnovali_nenavist_voci_Zidom_krestanskou_retorikou_rovnako_sucasny_politici_ako_sucasni_politici_si_ospravedlnuju_nenavist_voci_LGBT_konzervativnymi_krestanskymi_hodnotami_Ake_teologicke_antisemitske_teologicke_argumenty_pouzival_Jozef_Tiso_a_dalsi_clenovia_jeho_vlady\"><\/span><strong>Hist\u00f3ria sa opakuje. K\u00fdm politici za vojnov\u00e9ho slovensk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu sa ospravedl\u0148ovali nen\u00e1vis\u0165 vo\u010di \u017didom kres\u0165anskou r\u00e9torikou, rovnako s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd politici ako s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00ed politici si ospravedl\u0148uj\u00fa nen\u00e1vis\u0165 vo\u010di LGBT (konzervat\u00edvnymi kres\u0165ansk\u00fdmi hodnotami). Ak\u00e9 teologick\u00e9 antisemitsk\u00e9 teologick\u00e9 argumenty pou\u017e\u00edval Jozef Tiso a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed \u010dlenovia jeho vl\u00e1dy?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Kritick\u00e1 historiografia (reprezentovan\u00e1 najm\u00e4 pr\u00e1cami <strong>Ivana Kamenca<\/strong>, <strong>Eduarda Ni\u017e\u0148ansk\u00e9ho<\/strong> \u010di americk\u00e9ho historika <strong>Jamesa Macea Warda<\/strong>) podrobne analyzuje, ako prezident Jozef Tiso (ktor\u00fd bol akt\u00edvnym r\u00edmskokatol\u00edckym k\u0148azom a teol\u00f3gom) a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed predstavitelia re\u017eimu Hlinkovej slovenskej \u013eudovej strany (HS\u013dS) vyu\u017e\u00edvali kres\u0165ansku dogmatiku, etiku a biblick\u00e9 argumenty na to, aby v o\u010diach hlboko veriaceho slovensk\u00e9ho obyvate\u013estva obh\u00e1jili a legitimizovali antisemitizmus, zbavovanie pr\u00e1v a napokon aj deport\u00e1cie \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho obyvate\u013estva[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mladiprotifasizmu.sk\/fakty-o-jozefovi-tisovi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.martinus.sk\/869611-politika-antisemitizmu-a-holokaust-na-slovensku-v-rokoch\/kniha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Re\u017eim vojnov\u00e9ho slovensk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu sa neopieral o nemeck\u00fd ateistick\u00fd \u010di novopohansk\u00fd rasizmus, ale vytvoril vlastn\u00fd koncept tzv. <strong>\u201ekres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho socializmu\u201c<\/strong> \u010di <strong>\u201eslovensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho socializmu\u201c<\/strong>, v ktorom boli proti\u017eidovsk\u00e9 opatrenia prezentovan\u00e9 ako mor\u00e1lne \u010dist\u00e9 a teologicky zd\u00f4vodnen\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Medzi hlavn\u00e9 teologick\u00e9 argumenty, ktor\u00e9 Jozef Tiso a ideol\u00f3govia jeho re\u017eimu pou\u017e\u00edvali, patrili:<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Ohybanie_prikazania_lasky_%E2%80%9ESebaobrana%E2%80%9C_ako_primarna_Bozia_vola\"><\/span>1. Oh\u00fdbanie prik\u00e1zania l\u00e1sky: \u201eSebaobrana\u201c ako prim\u00e1rna Bo\u017eia v\u00f4\u013ea<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00ed a historicky najviac analyzovan\u00fd teologick\u00fd argument predniesol Jozef Tiso vo svojom prejave v <strong>Hol\u00ed\u010di 15. augusta 1942<\/strong> (v \u010dase, ke\u010f u\u017e zo Slovenska odi\u0161li desiatky transportov do nacistick\u00fdch t\u00e1borov smrti)[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jozef_Tiso%27s_speech_in_Hol%C3%AD%C4%8D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com\/grounding-api-redirect\/AUZIYQFaYETJb0Swi6rklUS7JgCto3P-hwVHbBJBCoYSzMIme85CECpqyOUSHr_1W_-WyYjqXMLdGi9HG9Ok9MDujH9qyQ2qMBxS8yMT-sphTBGVr_R9bf-K7_lVpCXttww=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4<\/a>]:<\/p>\r\n<blockquote style=\"margin: 4px 0 4px 15px; padding: 0 0 0 10px; border-left: 3px solid #ccc; line-height: 1.25; font-style: italic; color: #555;\">\r\n<p>\u201eVraj, \u010di je to kres\u0165ansk\u00e9, \u010do sa rob\u00ed? Je to \u013eudsk\u00e9? Nie je to rabovka?&#8230; P\u00fdtam sa ja: Je to kres\u0165ansk\u00e9, ke\u010f sa n\u00e1rod slovensk\u00fd chce zbavi\u0165 svojho ve\u010dn\u00e9ho nepriate\u013ea, \u017dida? &#8230; \u017de vraj Slov\u00e1kom \u0161kodili&#8230; L\u00e1ska k sebe je pr\u00edkazom bo\u017e\u00edm, a t\u00e1 l\u00e1ska k sebe mi prikazuje, aby som od seba odstr\u00e1nil v\u0161etko to, \u010do mi \u0161kod\u00ed, \u010do mi ohrozuje \u017eivot. A \u017ee n\u00e1m \u017eidovsk\u00fd \u017eivel ohrozoval \u017eivot, o tom netreba nikoho presvied\u010da\u0165&#8230; Urobili sme to pod\u013ea pr\u00edkazu bo\u017eieho: Slov\u00e1k, zho\u010f zo seba svojho \u0161kodcu!\u201c[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mladiprotifasizmu.sk\/fakty-o-jozefovi-tisovi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mladiprotifasizmu.sk\/fakty-o-jozefovi-tisovi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aktuality.sk\/clanok\/330808\/kotleba-sa-myli-sest-dovodov-preco-by-sme-tisa-nemali-oslavovat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>]<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Teologick\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia:<\/strong><br \/>\r\nTiso tu z\u00e1merne prekr\u00fatil kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 prik\u00e1zanie l\u00e1sky k bl\u00ed\u017enemu. Tvrdil, \u017ee <strong>\u201el\u00e1ska k sebe\u201c<\/strong> (sebal\u00e1ska, prenesen\u00e1 na \u00farove\u0148 l\u00e1sky k vlastn\u00e9mu n\u00e1rodu) je prim\u00e1rnym Bo\u017e\u00edm z\u00e1konom, ktor\u00fd \u010dloveku a n\u00e1rodu d\u00e1va pr\u00e1vo na sebaobranu. Ak nejak\u00e1 skupina (v tomto pr\u00edpade \u017didia) \u00fadajne ohrozuje pre\u017eitie \u010di prosperitu n\u00e1roda, kres\u0165ansk\u00e1 mor\u00e1lka nielen\u017ee dovo\u013euje, ale priam prikazuje sa tohto \u201e\u0161kodcu\u201c zbavi\u0165[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mladiprotifasizmu.sk\/fakty-o-jozefovi-tisovi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aktuality.sk\/clanok\/330808\/kotleba-sa-myli-sest-dovodov-preco-by-sme-tisa-nemali-oslavovat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>]. Tento argument sl\u00fa\u017eil na otupenie svedomia katol\u00edckych veriacich, ktor\u00fdm bolo pods\u00favan\u00e9, \u017ee vyh\u00e1\u0148anie spoluob\u010danov je vlastne n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou povinnos\u0165ou.<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Koncept_%E2%80%9ESocialnej_spravodlivosti%E2%80%9C_ako_napravy_hriechu\"><\/span>2. Koncept \u201eSoci\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti\u201c ako n\u00e1pravy hriechu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Ariz\u00e1cia (t. j. vyvlastnenie a kr\u00e1de\u017e \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho majetku) bola re\u017eimom prezentovan\u00e1 ako realiz\u00e1cia kres\u0165anskej soci\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Teologick\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia:<\/strong><br \/>\r\nTiso a \u013eud\u00e1cka propaganda argumentovali, \u017ee \u017didia nadobudli svoj majetok ne\u010destn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom \u2013 prostredn\u00edctvom \u00fa\u017eery, vykoris\u0165ovania chudobn\u00e9ho slovensk\u00e9ho \u013eudu a nemor\u00e1lneho podnikania (napr. prev\u00e1dzkovan\u00edm kr\u010diem)[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.stratili.sk\/kapitola\/antisemitizmus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7<\/a>]. Pod\u013ea tejto logiky bolo bohatstvo v ruk\u00e1ch \u017didov v\u00fdsledkom hriechu.<br \/>\r\nOdorovnan\u00edm tohto stavu (konfi\u0161k\u00e1ciou majetku a jeho odovzdan\u00edm Slov\u00e1kom) \u0161t\u00e1t pod\u013ea Tisu nerobil hriech kr\u00e1de\u017ee (poru\u0161enie prik\u00e1zania Nepokradne\u0161), ale naopak \u2013 vykon\u00e1val <strong>Bo\u017eiu spravodlivos\u0165<\/strong> a vracal slovensk\u00e9mu kres\u0165ansk\u00e9mu \u013eudu to, \u010do mu bolo po st\u00e1ro\u010dia nespravodlivo upieran\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Vyuzitie_tradicneho_antijudaizmu_o_%E2%80%9EKolektivnej_vine%E2%80%9C_za_smrt_Krista\"><\/span>3. Vyu\u017eitie tradi\u010dn\u00e9ho antijudaizmu o \u201eKolekt\u00edvnej vine\u201c za smr\u0165 Krista<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Hoci bol rasov\u00fd antisemitizmus nov\u00fdm politick\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nom, Tiso a re\u017eimov\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1 (napr. noviny Slov\u00e1k alebo Gardista) ho pravidelne s\u00fdtili tradi\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm antijudaizmom.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Teologick\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia:<\/strong><br \/>\r\n\u017didia boli vykres\u013eovan\u00ed ako n\u00e1rod, ktor\u00fd sp\u00e1chal najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed hriech v dejin\u00e1ch \u013eudstva \u2013 bohovra\u017edu (ukri\u017eovanie Je\u017ei\u0161a Krista)[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.stratili.sk\/kapitola\/antisemitizmus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7<\/a>]. Tento teologick\u00fd mot\u00edv bol prepojen\u00fd s predstavou kolekt\u00edvnej viny, ktor\u00e1 na \u017eidovskom n\u00e1rode spo\u010d\u00edva po cel\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie. Re\u017eim argumentoval, \u017ee utrpenie a marginaliz\u00e1cia \u017didov nie s\u00fa prejavom \u013eudskej krutosti, ale logick\u00fdm d\u00f4sledkom ich vlastn\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho rozhodnutia a odklonu od Boha. T\u00e1to argument\u00e1cia bola pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 aj v ofici\u00e1lnom pastierskom liste slovensk\u00fdch biskupov z marca 1942, kde sa s\u00edce \u017eiadalo \u013eudsk\u00e9 zaobch\u00e1dzanie, no z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa teologicky potvrdzovala vina \u017didov za ukri\u017eovanie Je\u017ei\u0161a.<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Narod_ako_Bozi_tvorivy_poriadok_Stefan_Polakovic_a_ideologia_statu\"><\/span>4. N\u00e1rod ako Bo\u017e\u00ed tvoriv\u00fd poriadok (\u0160tefan Polakovi\u010d a ideol\u00f3gia \u0161t\u00e1tu)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Hlavn\u00fd teoretik slovensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho socializmu <strong>\u0160tefan Polakovi\u010d<\/strong> (v \u00fazkej s\u00fa\u010dinnosti s Tisov\u00fdm kr\u00eddlom) vypracoval ideologick\u00e9 zd\u00f4vodnenie autorit\u00e1rskeho \u0161t\u00e1tu postaven\u00e9 na kres\u0165anskej filozofii (vych\u00e1dzaj\u00facej z novotomizmu).<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Teologick\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia:<\/strong><br \/>\r\nPod\u013ea Polakovi\u010da Boh stvoril svet v organickom poriadku, ktor\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladnou jednotkou je n\u00e1rod. N\u00e1rod je Bo\u017e\u00ed tvoriv\u00fd z\u00e1mer a vyjadrenie Bo\u017eej v\u00f4le na zemi. Z toho vypl\u00fdvalo, \u017ee zachovanie \u010distoty, jednoty a sily slovensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda je n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou povinnos\u0165ou. Ak\u00fdko\u013evek \u201ecudz\u00ed element\u201c (\u017didia), ktor\u00fd nar\u00fa\u0161al t\u00fato organick\u00fa jednotu a odmietal sa asimilova\u0165, konal proti Bo\u017eiemu pl\u00e1nu. O\u010distenie n\u00e1roda od tohto elementu bolo preto interpretovan\u00e9 ako n\u00e1vrat k prirodzen\u00e9mu, Bohom chcen\u00e9mu poriadku.<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Statna_moc_ako_vykonavatel_Bozej_vole_List_Rimanom_13\"><\/span>5. \u0160t\u00e1tna moc ako vykon\u00e1vate\u013e Bo\u017eej v\u00f4le (List Rimanom 13)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Ke\u010f Vatik\u00e1n a p\u00e1pe\u017esk\u00ed nunciovia protestovali proti proti\u017eidovsk\u00e9mu z\u00e1konodarstvu na Slovensku a upozor\u0148ovali, \u017ee poru\u0161uje kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 princ\u00edpy, Tiso reagoval politicko-teologickou obhajobou suverenity \u0161t\u00e1tu.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Teologick\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia:<\/strong><br \/>\r\nTiso sa opieral o tradi\u010dn\u00e9 u\u010denie o \u0161t\u00e1te, ktor\u00e9 vych\u00e1dza z Nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona (List Rimanom 13, 1: \u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd nech sa podriadi vrchnosti, lebo niet moci, ak nie od Boha&#8230;\u201c). Argumentoval, \u017ee ako hlava \u0161t\u00e1tu m\u00e1 od Boha zveren\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za pozemsk\u00e9 blaho a pre\u017eitie slovensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda. V tomto zmysle tvrdil, \u017ee \u0161t\u00e1tna autorita m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo prij\u00edma\u0165 aj tvrd\u00e9 a re\u0161trikt\u00edvne opatrenia, pokia\u013e sl\u00fa\u017eia spolo\u010dn\u00e9mu dobru v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny. Pred vatik\u00e1nskymi diplomatmi sa obhajoval t\u00fdm, \u017ee rob\u00ed \u201epolitiku men\u0161ieho zla\u201c a chr\u00e1ni Slovensko pred \u00fapln\u00fdm pohlten\u00edm bezbo\u017en\u00fdm bo\u013e\u0161evizmom alebo nemeck\u00fdm pohansk\u00fdm nacizmom, pri\u010dom obeta \u017eidovskej men\u0161iny bola v tejto mocenskej kalkul\u00e1cii bran\u00e1 ako nevyhnutn\u00e1 da\u0148[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zachej.sk\/autor\/ivan-kamenec\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zhrnutie\"><\/span>Zhrnutie<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Kritick\u00ed historici poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee Jozef Tiso a \u010dlenovia jeho vl\u00e1dy sp\u00e1chali z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fa <strong>teologick\u00fa in\u0161trumentaliz\u00e1ciu<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aktuality.sk\/clanok\/BChtAbo\/preco-jozef-tiso-poslal-list-plny-klamstiev-papezovi-piovi-xii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. Kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 pojmy ako \u201el\u00e1ska\u201c, \u201espravodlivos\u0165\u201c a \u201eBo\u017eia v\u00f4\u013ea\u201c vytrhli z ich univerz\u00e1lneho kontextu a pretransformovali ich do n\u00e1strojov nacionalistick\u00e9ho vylu\u010dovania, rasovej perzek\u00facie a ospravedl\u0148ovania deport\u00e1ci\u00ed[<a href=\"https:\/\/vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com\/grounding-api-redirect\/AUZIYQFaYETJb0Swi6rklUS7JgCto3P-hwVHbBJBCoYSzMIme85CECpqyOUSHr_1W_-WyYjqXMLdGi9HG9Ok9MDujH9qyQ2qMBxS8yMT-sphTBGVr_R9bf-K7_lVpCXttww=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aktuality.sk\/clanok\/BChtAbo\/preco-jozef-tiso-poslal-list-plny-klamstiev-papezovi-piovi-xii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. Tieto argumenty poskytli slovenskej katol\u00edckej verejnosti mor\u00e1lne alibi a pomohli neutralizova\u0165 prirodzen\u00fd \u013eudsk\u00fd s\u00facit vo\u010di prenasledovan\u00fdm spoluob\u010danom[<a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.cuni.cz\/bitstream\/handle\/20.500.11956\/35216\/140004853.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>].<br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 6px; margin-bottom: 3px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.45em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pred_druhym_Vatikanskym_koncilom_jeden_z_hlavnych_pilierov_ucenie_katolickej_cirkvi_bol_antisemitizmus_Ako_sa_stavala_slovenska_katolicka_cirkev_k_nacizmu_Ako_sa_stavali_ku_nacistickemu_prenasledovaniu_zidov_a_ku_koncentracnym_taborom_Ako_bol_postoj_slovenskych_biskupov_Existovalo_nejake_stanovisko_vtedajsej_biskupskej_konferencie_biskupskeho_zboru_Kolko_percent_biskupov_podporovalo_nacizmus\"><\/span><strong>Pred druh\u00fdm Vatik\u00e1nskym koncilom jeden z hlavn\u00fdch pilierov u\u010denie katol\u00edckej cirkvi bol antisemitizmus. Ako sa stavala slovensk\u00e1 katol\u00edcka cirkev k nacizmu? Ako sa stavali ku nacistick\u00e9mu prenasledovaniu \u017eidov a ku koncentra\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e1borom? Ako bol postoj slovensk\u00fdch biskupov? Existovalo nejak\u00e9 stanovisko vtedaj\u0161ej biskupskej konferencie \/ biskupsk\u00e9ho zboru? Ko\u013eko percent biskupov podporovalo nacizmus?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Tento poh\u013ead na p\u00f4sobenie a postoje slovenskej katol\u00edckej hierarchie po\u010das existencie vojnov\u00e9ho slovensk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu (1939 \u2013 1945) vych\u00e1dza zo <strong>historick\u00fdch anal\u00fdz, nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch akademick\u00fdch pr\u00e1c a zisten\u00ed popredn\u00fdch historikov<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/watson.sk\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1179\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.martinus.sk\/2822941-holokaust-na-slovensku\/kniha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>]. Opiera sa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm o v\u00fdskumy Historick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Slovenskej akad\u00e9mie vied (SAV)[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.martinus.sk\/2822941-holokaust-na-slovensku\/kniha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sav.sk\/php\/download_news.php?attach_no=29591\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>], Dokumenta\u010dn\u00e9ho strediska holokaustu (DSH)[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sav.sk\/php\/download_news.php?attach_no=29591\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/history.sav.sk\/en\/about-us\/people\/?user_no=6907\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4<\/a>], pr\u00e1ce uzn\u00e1van\u00fdch historikov ako <strong>Ivan Kamenec<\/strong>, <strong>Eduard Ni\u017e\u0148ansk\u00fd<\/strong> \u010di <strong>J\u00e1n Hlavinka<\/strong>, ako aj o zistenia vatik\u00e1nskeho archiv\u00e1ra <strong>Johana Ickxa<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdoroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.holocaust.cz\/zdroje\/clanky-z-ros-chodese\/ros-chodes-2001\/leden-10\/kauza-biskupa-jana-vojtassaka\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/slovenskydohovorzarodinu.sk\/clanky\/jan-vojtassak-spor-nabera-na-sile-nasi-biskupi-odsudzuju-neobjektivne-tvrdenia-z-vatikanu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Krestansky_antijudaizmus_ako_zivna_poda_pre_rasovy_antisemitizmus\"><\/span>1. Kres\u0165ansk\u00fd antijudaizmus ako \u017eivn\u00e1 p\u00f4da pre rasov\u00fd antisemitizmus<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Kritick\u00e1 historiografia upozor\u0148uje na to, \u017ee hoci katol\u00edcka cirkev ofici\u00e1lne odmietala nacistick\u00fd biologick\u00fd rasizmus, jej vlastn\u00fd, po st\u00e1ro\u010dia pestovan\u00fd <strong>teologick\u00fd antijudaizmus<\/strong> (obvi\u0148ovanie \u017didov zo smrti Krista a ich vykres\u013eovanie ako \u201enepriate\u013eov kres\u0165anstva\u201c) pripravil v slovenskej spolo\u010dnosti \u017eivn\u00fa p\u00f4du pre prijatie modern\u00e9ho antisemitizmu[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.martinus.sk\/869611-politika-antisemitizmu-a-holokaust-na-slovensku-v-rokoch\/kniha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">\u013dud\u00e1cky re\u017eim veden\u00fd katol\u00edckym k\u0148azom Jozefom Tisom vl\u00e1dnu propagandu s\u00fdtil n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm slovn\u00edkom[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/nove-dejiny\/96050343-tragicky-omyl-politika-knaza-i-cloveka-jozefa-tisa-myslienku-statu-postavil-nad-ludsky-zivot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. \u017didia boli v ofici\u00e1lnej r\u00e9torike vykres\u013eovan\u00ed nielen ako hospod\u00e1rski \u0161kodcovia, ale aj ako mor\u00e1lne a duchovn\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo pre kres\u0165ansk\u00fd slovensk\u00fd n\u00e1rod[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.martinus.sk\/869611-politika-antisemitizmu-a-holokaust-na-slovensku-v-rokoch\/kniha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/christianitas.sk\/biskup-jan-vojtassak-1877-1965-slovensky-mucenik-komunizmu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Vztah_slovenskej_katolickej_cirkvi_k_nacizmu\"><\/span>2. Vz\u0165ah slovenskej katol\u00edckej cirkvi k nacizmu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Kritick\u00ed historici (najm\u00e4 Ivan Kamenec) popisuj\u00fa politick\u00fd re\u017eim vojnov\u00e9ho Slovenska ako <strong>autorit\u00e1rsky a\u017e totalitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m s prvkami fa\u0161izmu<\/strong>, v ktorom sa katol\u00edcke dogmy zneu\u017e\u00edvali na legitim\u00e1ciu nedemokratick\u00e9ho vl\u00e1dnutia[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sav.sk\/php\/download_news.php?attach_no=29591\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/nove-dejiny\/96050343-tragicky-omyl-politika-knaza-i-cloveka-jozefa-tisa-myslienku-statu-postavil-nad-ludsky-zivot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. Tento model b\u00fdva v historiografii ozna\u010dovan\u00fd aj ako klerofa\u0161izmus.<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Ideologick\u00fd paradox:<\/strong> Biskupi nacizmus ako nemeck\u00fa novopohansk\u00fa doktr\u00ednu odmietali.<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Praktick\u00e1 kolabor\u00e1cia:<\/strong> Napriek tomuto odmietaniu katol\u00edcka hierarchia <strong>plne legitimizovala satelitn\u00fd slovensk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd bol vazalom hitlerovsk\u00e9ho Nemecka[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.martinus.sk\/869611-politika-antisemitizmu-a-holokaust-na-slovensku-v-rokoch\/kniha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/nove-dejiny\/96050343-tragicky-omyl-politika-knaza-i-cloveka-jozefa-tisa-myslienku-statu-postavil-nad-ludsky-zivot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. Biskupi pova\u017eovali vznik \u0161t\u00e1tu za splnenie n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch em\u00f3ci\u00ed a Jozefa Tisa vn\u00edmali ako z\u00e1ruku udr\u017eania kres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho charakteru krajiny. T\u00fdm, \u017ee cirkev ml\u010dala k postupn\u00e9mu odb\u00faravaniu demokracie a k fa\u0161iz\u00e1cii verejn\u00e9ho \u017eivota, sa stala spoluzodpovednou za budovanie totalitn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/nove-dejiny\/96050343-tragicky-omyl-politika-knaza-i-cloveka-jozefa-tisa-myslienku-statu-postavil-nad-ludsky-zivot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Postoj_k_prenasledovaniu_Zidov_a_deportaciam\"><\/span>3. Postoj k prenasledovaniu \u017didov a deport\u00e1ci\u00e1m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Pod\u013ea kritick\u00e9ho b\u00e1dania Eduarda Ni\u017e\u0148ansk\u00e9ho a Ivana Kamenca bol pr\u00edstup slovensk\u00fdch biskupov k perzek\u00faci\u00e1m \u017didov mor\u00e1lne nekonzistentn\u00fd a ich reakcie boli oneskoren\u00e9[<a href=\"https:\/\/watson.sk\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1179\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.martinus.sk\/2822941-holokaust-na-slovensku\/kniha\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/standard.sk\/44996\/biskup-vojtassak-varoval-ministra-macha-aby-prestal-vyvazat-zidov-lebo-asi-idu-na-smrt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>]:<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Ochrana len pre \u201esvojich\u201c (konvertitov):<\/strong> Ke\u010f \u0161t\u00e1t v septembri 1941 prijal rasov\u00fd \u017didovsk\u00fd k\u00f3dex, biskupi vzniesli n\u00e1mietky[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdorwaroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/standard.sk\/44996\/biskup-vojtassak-varoval-ministra-macha-aby-prestal-vyvazat-zidov-lebo-asi-idu-na-smrt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>]. Anal\u00fdza ich protestov v\u0161ak ukazuje, \u017ee ich prim\u00e1rnym cie\u013eom nebola ochrana v\u0161etk\u00fdch prenasledovan\u00fdch ob\u010danov na z\u00e1klade univerz\u00e1lnych \u013eudsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v. Protestovali hlavne proti tomu, \u017ee k\u00f3dex definoval \u017didov rasovo a zasiahol aj <strong>pokrsten\u00fdch \u017didov (konvertitov)<\/strong>, \u010d\u00edm pod\u013ea nich \u0161t\u00e1t zasiahol do pr\u00e1vomoc\u00ed cirkvi (ktor\u00e1 krstom pova\u017eovala \u010dloveka za kres\u0165ana, nie \u017dida)[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdoroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>]. Nepokrsten\u00fdch \u017didov biskupi na\u010falej pova\u017eovali za hospod\u00e1rsky a soci\u00e1lne \u201e\u0161kodliv\u00fd \u017eivel\u201c, ktor\u00e9ho vplyv mal \u0161t\u00e1t pr\u00e1vo obmedzi\u0165[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdoroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/nove-dejiny\/96050343-tragicky-omyl-politika-knaza-i-cloveka-jozefa-tisa-myslienku-statu-postavil-nad-ludsky-zivot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Oneskoren\u00e1 reakcia na deport\u00e1cie (1942):<\/strong> Hoci biskupi vn\u00edmali proti\u017eidovsk\u00e9 opatrenia, k r\u00e1znej\u0161\u00edm krokom sa odhodlali a\u017e vtedy, ke\u010f sa na jar 1942 rozbehli masov\u00e9 deport\u00e1cie[<a href=\"https:\/\/rkfarnost.spisskabela.sk\/za-pravdivy-obraz-biskupa-vojtassaka\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12<\/a>]. Aj vtedy v\u0161ak boli ich vyhl\u00e1senia kompromisn\u00e9.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Postoj_biskupskeho_zboru_a_oficialne_stanoviska\"><\/span>4. Postoj biskupsk\u00e9ho zboru a ofici\u00e1lne stanovisk\u00e1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Anal\u00fdza biskupsk\u00fdch vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed z tohto obdobia odha\u013euje ich vn\u00fatorn\u00fa rozporuplnos\u0165:<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Pastiersky list z 21. marca 1942 (\u201eNech je jasno v \u017eidovskej ot\u00e1zke\u201c):<\/strong> Tento list kritick\u00ed historici hodnotia ako hlboko problematick\u00fd dokument. Na jednej strane sa v \u0148om s\u00edce deklarovalo, \u017ee so \u017didmi sa m\u00e1 zaobch\u00e1dza\u0165 \u013eudsky, no z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa v \u0148om opakovali obvinenia z kolekt\u00edvnej viny \u017didov za ukri\u017eovanie Krista a tvrdilo sa, \u017ee \u017didia si nes\u00fa n\u00e1sledky svojej \u201epr\u00edsahy\u201c[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdoroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/miroslav.blog.pravda.sk\/2016\/08\/19\/biskup-vojtassak-a-jeho-temna-fasisticka-minulost-a-ako-sa-upn-angazuje-v-jeho-rehabilitacii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>]. T\u00fdmto dokumentom cirkev v k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovom momente za\u010diatku deport\u00e1ci\u00ed veriacich r\u00e1zne nepostavila proti prenasledovaniu, ale sk\u00f4r prispela k alibizmu.<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Pastiersky list z 8. marca 1943:<\/strong> Bol vydan\u00fd a\u017e po tom, \u010do bolo vy\u0161e 57-tis\u00edc slovensk\u00fdch \u017didov deportovan\u00fdch a zavra\u017eden\u00fdch v t\u00e1boroch. Tento list bol s\u00edce r\u00e1znej\u0161\u00ed a ods\u00fadil kolekt\u00edvnu vinu, no pri\u0161iel v \u010dase, ke\u010f u\u017e bola v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u017eidovskej komunity na Slovensku zlikvidovan\u00e1.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Konkretne_postoje_osobnosti_biskupstva\"><\/span>5. Konkr\u00e9tne postoje osobnost\u00ed biskupstva<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Kritick\u00e1 historiografia neopisuje biskupsk\u00fd zbor ako jednotn\u00fd, ale ako spektrum postojov od tichej kolabor\u00e1cie po v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fd odpor:<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>J\u00e1n Vojta\u0161\u0161\u00e1k (spi\u0161sk\u00fd biskup):<\/strong> Pod\u013ea rozsiahlej monografie historikov J\u00e1na Hlavinku a Ivana Kamenca (Spory o biskupa Vojta\u0161\u0161\u00e1ka) patril k najproblematickej\u0161\u00edm postav\u00e1m[<a href=\"https:\/\/miroslav.blog.pravda.sk\/2016\/08\/19\/biskup-vojtassak-a-jeho-temna-fasisticka-minulost-a-ako-sa-upn-angazuje-v-jeho-rehabilitacii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.studiatheologica.eu\/artkey\/sth-201301-0004_SNAHY_CESKOSLOVENSKA_A_VATIKANU_ODVOLAT_BISKUPA_JANA_VOJTASSAKA_V_ROKOCH_1945-1950.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14<\/a>]. Ako podpredseda \u0160t\u00e1tnej rady SR niesol priamu politick\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za kroky re\u017eimu[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.holocaust.cz\/zdroje\/clanky-z-ros-chodese\/ros-chodes-2001\/leden-10\/kauza-biskupa-jana-vojtassaka\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/temoigner\/9858\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15<\/a>]. Vatik\u00e1nsky archiv\u00e1r Johan Ickx na z\u00e1klade odtajnen\u00fdch dokumentov z pontifik\u00e1tu Pia XII. pouk\u00e1zal na to, \u017ee Vojta\u0161\u0161\u00e1k bol vo Vatik\u00e1ne vn\u00edman\u00fd mimoriadne negat\u00edvne kv\u00f4li svojmu tvrd\u00e9mu antisemitizmu[<a href=\"https:\/\/slovenskydohovorzarodinu.sk\/clanky\/jan-vojtassak-spor-nabera-na-sile-nasi-biskupi-odsudzuju-neobjektivne-tvrdenia-z-vatikanu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/christianitas.sk\/biskup-jan-vojtassak-1877-1965-slovensky-mucenik-komunizmu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>]. Ke\u010f sa na zasadnut\u00ed \u0160t\u00e1tnej rady 26. marca 1942 (de\u0148 po odchode prv\u00e9ho transportu) rozpr\u00fadila debata o deport\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, Vojta\u0161\u0161\u00e1k sa nepostavil proti samotn\u00e9mu vyv\u00e1\u017eaniu \u013eud\u00ed, ale vyjadril sa pragmaticky \u2013 zauj\u00edmalo ho, \u010di pokrsten\u00ed \u017didia bud\u00fa ma\u0165 v t\u00e1boroch v Po\u013esku vlastn\u00e9 \u0161koly a k\u0148azov[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdoroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>]. Okrem toho spi\u0161sk\u00e9 biskupstvo pod jeho veden\u00edm arizovalo \u017eidovsk\u00fd majetok (k\u00fapele Baldovce)[<a href=\"https:\/\/miroslav.blog.pravda.sk\/2016\/08\/19\/biskup-vojtassak-a-jeho-temna-fasisticka-minulost-a-ako-sa-upn-angazuje-v-jeho-rehabilitacii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Jozef Tiso (prezident a k\u0148az):<\/strong> Hoci nebol biskupom, his k\u0148azsk\u00e1 autorita z\u00e1sadne vpl\u00fdvala na verejnos\u0165. Ako ukazuje Ivan Kamenec, Tiso v podstate pov\u00fd\u0161il \u201ez\u00e1ujmy \u0161t\u00e1tu\u201c nad kres\u0165ansk\u00fa etiku[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/nove-dejiny\/96050343-tragicky-omyl-politika-knaza-i-cloveka-jozefa-tisa-myslienku-statu-postavil-nad-ludsky-zivot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. Svojimi verejn\u00fdmi prejavmi (napr\u00edklad v Hol\u00ed\u010di v auguste 1942, kde vyhl\u00e1sil, \u017ee zbavovanie sa \u017didov je kres\u0165ansk\u00fd skutok, lebo ide o sebaobranu n\u00e1roda) mor\u00e1lne schv\u00e1lil genoc\u00eddu[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/nove-dejiny\/96050343-tragicky-omyl-politika-knaza-i-cloveka-jozefa-tisa-myslienku-statu-postavil-nad-ludsky-zivot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/miroslav.blog.pravda.sk\/2016\/08\/19\/biskup-vojtassak-a-jeho-temna-fasisticka-minulost-a-ako-sa-upn-angazuje-v-jeho-rehabilitacii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Pavol Peter Gojdi\u010d (gr\u00e9ckokatol\u00edcky biskup):<\/strong> Predstavuje v kritickej historiografii svetl\u00fa v\u00fdnimku. U\u017e v roku 1939 varoval pred fa\u0161iz\u00e1ciou. Ako jedin\u00fd biskup otvorene \u017eiadal Vatik\u00e1n, aby zasiahol a prin\u00fatil Tisa abdikova\u0165, preto\u017ee jeho p\u00f4sobenie prin\u00e1\u0161a cirkvi obrovsk\u00fa hanbu. Gojdi\u010d akt\u00edvne zachra\u0148oval \u017didov pred smr\u0165ou, za \u010do z\u00edskal ocenenie Spravodliv\u00fd medzi n\u00e1rodmi[<a href=\"https:\/\/miroslav.blog.pravda.sk\/2016\/08\/19\/biskup-vojtassak-a-jeho-temna-fasisticka-minulost-a-ako-sa-upn-angazuje-v-jeho-rehabilitacii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Katol\u00edcka cirkev po st\u00e1ro\u010dia prechov\u00e1vala hlboko zakorenen\u00fd <strong>teologick\u00fd antijudaizmus<\/strong> (tzv. \u201eu\u010denie o poh\u0155dan\u00ed\u201c), ktor\u00fd obvi\u0148oval \u017didov z kolekt\u00edvnej viny za ukri\u017eovanie Je\u017ei\u0161a Krista a pova\u017eoval ich za zatvrdnut\u00fdch v neviere[<a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Pastiersky_list_slovensk%C3%BDch_katol%C3%ADckych_biskupov_Nech_je_jasno_v_%C5%BEidovskej_ot%C3%A1zke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>]. Tento teologick\u00fd postoj viedol k soci\u00e1lnej marginaliz\u00e1cii a diskrimin\u00e1cii \u017didov v kres\u0165anskej Eur\u00f3pe.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Ofici\u00e1lne cirkevn\u00e9 u\u010denie v\u0161ak odmietalo <strong>modern\u00fd rasov\u00fd antisemitizmus<\/strong> (ktor\u00fd definoval \u017didov na z\u00e1klade rasy, nie viery). P\u00e1pe\u017e Pius XI. v roku 1937 v encyklike Mit brennender Sorge jasne ods\u00fadil nacistick\u00fd rasizmus a novopohanstvo a nesk\u00f4r vyhl\u00e1sil, \u017ee \u201educhovne sme v\u0161etci Semiti\u201c. Mnoh\u00ed miestni k\u0148azi a veriaci v\u0161ak tieto dve roviny (teologick\u00fd antijudaizmus a rasov\u00fd antisemitizmus) v praxi mie\u0161ali, \u010do u\u013eah\u010dilo \u0161\u00edrenie proti\u017eidovskej propagandy.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Slovensk\u00ed katol\u00edcki predstavitelia (na \u010dele s k\u0148azom a prezidentom Jozefom Tisom) videli vo vojnovej Slovenskej republike \u2013 napriek jej spojenectvu s nacistick\u00fdm Nemeckom \u2013 \u0161ancu na vybudovanie kres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho a n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.katolickenoviny.sk\/tema\/category\/tema\/article\/deportacie-zidov-boli-podla-biskupov-nemravnym-cinom.xhtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>]. Vznik \u0161t\u00e1tu v marci 1939 priv\u00edtali[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.katolickenoviny.sk\/tema\/category\/tema\/article\/deportacie-zidov-boli-podla-biskupov-nemravnym-cinom.xhtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Vznikol tak paradox: hoci cirkev odmietala nacistick\u00fa ideol\u00f3giu, politicky podporovala re\u017eim Hlinkovej slovenskej \u013eudovej strany (HS\u013dS), ktor\u00fd sa postupne stal satelitom nacistick\u00e9ho Nemecka[<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.postoj.sk\/20839\/cirkev-a-zidia-selektivna-pamat-v-slovenskej-politike\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.cuni.cz\/bitstream\/handle\/20.500.11956\/28099\/130015070.pdf?sequence=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">V prvej f\u00e1ze (1939 \u2013 1941) biskupi akceptovali obmedzovanie pr\u00e1v \u017didov v hospod\u00e1rskej a spolo\u010denskej oblasti, ak sa dialo \u201eleg\u00e1lnou cestou\u201c \u0161t\u00e1tu. Argumentovali t\u00fdm, \u017ee \u0161t\u00e1t m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo obmedzi\u0165 \u201e\u0161kodliv\u00fd vplyv \u017didov\u201c[<a href=\"https:\/\/standard.sk\/44996\/biskup-vojtassak-varoval-ministra-macha-aby-prestal-vyvazat-zidov-lebo-asi-idu-na-smrt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. Ich hlavn\u00e1 obava sa vtedy t\u00fdkala tzv. konvertitov \u2013 \u017didov, ktor\u00ed prijali krst a pod\u013ea cirkevn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va boli katol\u00edkmi, no \u0161t\u00e1t ich prenasledoval na rasovom z\u00e1klade[<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdoroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/hnonline.sk\/history\/profily\/2335953-biskup-jan-vojtassak-vzdoroval-komunizmu-ale-za-zidov-ho-napominal-aj-vatikan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Pastiersky list z 21. marca 1942 (\u201eNech je jasno v \u017eidovskej ot\u00e1zke\u201c):<\/strong> Tento list sa \u010d\u00edtal v kostoloch tesne pred spusten\u00edm prvej vlny deport\u00e1ci\u00ed[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aomega.sk\/sk\/spolocnost\/stanovisko_k_75_vyro%C4%8Diu_pastierskych_listov.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vetrik.sk\/blogy\/category\/blogy\/article\/zidovska-otazka-v-rokoch-1942-1943.xhtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">16<\/a>]. Z historick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska bol ve\u013emi rozporupln\u00fd. Na jednej strane obsahoval tradi\u010dn\u00e9 teologick\u00e9 proti\u017eidovsk\u00e9 stereotypy (napr. o vine za ukri\u017eovanie Krista \u010di odklone \u017didov od Bo\u017eieho poslania)[<a href=\"https:\/\/sk.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Pastiersky_list_slovensk%C3%BDch_katol%C3%ADckych_biskupov_Nech_je_jasno_v_%C5%BEidovskej_ot%C3%A1zke\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>]. Na druhej strane v\u0161ak jasne zd\u00f4raz\u0148oval, \u017ee \u017didia s\u00fa \u013eudsk\u00e9 bytosti, s ktor\u00fdmi sa mus\u00ed zaobch\u00e1dza\u0165 \u013eudsky, a varoval pred poru\u0161ovan\u00edm bo\u017esk\u00fdch a prirodzen\u00fdch z\u00e1konov[<a href=\"https:\/\/standard.sk\/44996\/biskup-vojtassak-varoval-ministra-macha-aby-prestal-vyvazat-zidov-lebo-asi-idu-na-smrt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Gr\u00e9ckokatol\u00edcky biskup v Pre\u0161ove <strong>Pavel Peter Gojdi\u010d<\/strong> bol od za\u010diatku otvoren\u00fdm kritikom re\u017eimu, verejne \u017eiadal Tisa o odst\u00fapenie, systematicky zachra\u0148oval \u017didov, vyd\u00e1val im falo\u0161n\u00e9 krstn\u00e9 listy a ukr\u00fdval ich (Izrael mu in memoriam udelil titul Spravodliv\u00fd medzi n\u00e1rodmi).<br \/>\r\n<br \/>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 6px; margin-bottom: 3px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.45em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ako_sa_stavala_nemecka_katolicka_cirkev_k_nacizmu_Ako_sa_stavali_ku_nacistickemu_prenasledovaniu_zidov_a_ku_koncentracnym_taborom_Ako_bol_postoj_nemeckych_biskupov_Existovalo_nejake_stanovisko_vtedajsej_biskupskej_konferencie_biskupskeho_zboru_Kolko_percent_biskupov_podporovalo_nacizmus\"><\/span><strong>Ako sa stavala nemeck\u00e1 katol\u00edcka cirkev k nacizmu? Ako sa stavali ku nacistick\u00e9mu prenasledovaniu \u017eidov a ku koncentra\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e1borom? Ako bol postoj nemeck\u00fdch biskupov? Existovalo nejak\u00e9 stanovisko vtedaj\u0161ej biskupskej konferencie \/ biskupsk\u00e9ho zboru? Ko\u013eko percent biskupov podporovalo nacizmus?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Vz\u0165ah nemeckej katol\u00edckej cirkvi k nacistick\u00e9mu re\u017eimu v rokoch 1933\u20131945 je jednou z najdiskutovanej\u0161\u00edch t\u00e9m modern\u00fdch cirkevn\u00fdch dej\u00edn. Postoj cirkvi sa vyv\u00edjal od po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9ho ostr\u00e9ho odmietania a\u017e po pragmatick\u00e9 \u00fastupky, tich\u00e9 tolerovanie a v povojnovom obdob\u00ed po priznanie spoluviny[<a href=\"https:\/\/religionmediacentre.org.uk\/news\/german-bishops-admit-complicity-in-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Catholicism\/comments\/6cuq97\/german_catholic_churches_supported_the_nazis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Tradi\u010dn\u00fd katol\u00edcky <strong>anti-judaizmus<\/strong> (teologick\u00e9 vymedzenie sa vo\u010di \u017eidovsk\u00e9mu n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvu) bol v tej dobe hlboko zakorenen\u00fd, no nemeck\u00ed biskupi ho striktne odli\u0161ovali od nacistick\u00e9ho biologick\u00e9ho a rasov\u00e9ho <strong>antisemitizmu<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd vn\u00edmali ako pohansk\u00fa ideol\u00f3giu popieraj\u00facu kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 u\u010denie[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Catholicism\/comments\/6cuq97\/german_catholic_churches_supported_the_nazis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Postoj_nemeckych_biskupov_pred_nastupom_Hitlera_k_moci_do_r_1933\"><\/span>1. Postoj nemeck\u00fdch biskupov pred n\u00e1stupom Hitlera k moci (do r. 1933)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Pred rokom 1933 bol postoj nemeck\u00e9ho katol\u00edckeho episkop\u00e1tu k nacizmu <strong>jednozna\u010dne nepriate\u013esk\u00fd<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Catholicism\/comments\/6cuq97\/german_catholic_churches_supported_the_nazis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>]:<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Nemeck\u00ed biskupi opakovane varovali veriacich pred rasovou ideol\u00f3giou NSDAP[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Catholicism\/comments\/6cuq97\/german_catholic_churches_supported_the_nazis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">V rannom obdob\u00ed viacer\u00e9 nemeck\u00e9 diec\u00e9zy <strong>zak\u00e1zali katol\u00edkom \u010dlenstvo v nacistickej strane<\/strong> a akt\u00edvnym nacistom odopierali pr\u00edstup k sviatostiam (sv\u00e4t\u00e9mu prij\u00edmaniu) \u010di cirkevn\u00fd pohreb[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Catholicism\/comments\/6cuq97\/german_catholic_churches_supported_the_nazis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Katol\u00edcka tla\u010d denne ostro kritizovala n\u00e1rodn\u00fd socializmus[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/Catholicism\/comments\/6cuq97\/german_catholic_churches_supported_the_nazis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Zmena_kurzu_po_roku_1933_and_Rissky_konkordat\"><\/span>2. Zmena kurzu po roku 1933 and R\u00ed\u0161sky konkord\u00e1t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Ke\u010f Adolf Hitler v janu\u00e1ri 1933 prevzal moc, takticky deklaroval, \u017ee bude re\u0161pektova\u0165 pr\u00e1va kres\u0165ansk\u00fdch cirkv\u00ed[<a href=\"https:\/\/nuremberg.law.harvard.edu\/documents\/1559-announcement-of-the-catholic?mode=text&amp;q=Schulte+type:%22document+image%7Cdocument+full+text%7Ctranscript+full+text%7Cphotograph%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reichskonkordat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Zru\u0161enie z\u00e1kazov:<\/strong> V marci 1933 vtedaj\u0161ia <strong>Biskupsk\u00e1 konferencia vo Fulde<\/strong> (ofici\u00e1lny org\u00e1n nemeck\u00fdch biskupov) pod tlakom okolnost\u00ed odvolala predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face form\u00e1lne z\u00e1kazy \u010dlenstva v NSDAP pre katol\u00edkov[<a href=\"https:\/\/nuremberg.law.harvard.edu\/documents\/1559-announcement-of-the-catholic?mode=text&amp;q=Schulte+type:%22document+image%7Cdocument+full+text%7Ctranscript+full+text%7Cphotograph%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>R\u00ed\u0161sky konkord\u00e1t (j\u00fal 1933):<\/strong> Vatik\u00e1n (zast\u00fapen\u00fd kardin\u00e1lom Pacellim, neskor\u0161\u00edm p\u00e1pe\u017eom Piusom XII.) podp\u00edsal s nacistick\u00fdm Nemeckom medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fa zmluvu[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reichskonkordat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>]. Cie\u013eom bolo chr\u00e1ni\u0165 katol\u00edcke \u0161koly, ml\u00e1de\u017en\u00edcke organiz\u00e1cie a slobodu vyznania[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>]. V\u00fdmenou za to sa katol\u00edcka cirkev stiahla z akt\u00edvnej politiky a rozpustila katol\u00edcku stranu Zentrum[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reichskonkordat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Postoj_k_prenasledovaniu_Zidov_a_koncentracnym_taborom\"><\/span>3. Postoj k prenasledovaniu \u017didov a koncentra\u010dn\u00fdm t\u00e1borom<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">V rokoch 1933\u20131945 sa nemeck\u00e1 katol\u00edcka cirkev dostala do defenz\u00edvneho postavenia. Re\u017eim systematicky poru\u0161oval konkord\u00e1t, zatv\u00e1ral katol\u00edcke \u0161koly a prenasledoval k\u0148azov, ktor\u00ed boli posielan\u00ed do koncentra\u010dn\u00fdch t\u00e1borov (najm\u00e4 do \u0161peci\u00e1lneho k\u0148azsk\u00e9ho bloku v Dachau)[<a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/the-german-churches-and-the-nazi-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>][<a href=\"http:\/\/home.olemiss.edu\/~rrychlak\/web20061010\/War%20Years\/www.catholicleague.org\/pius\/piusnyt\/war.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">7<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">V ot\u00e1zke prenasledovania \u017didov a holokaustu v\u0161ak bola nemeck\u00e1 cirkevn\u00e1 hierarchia <strong>rozdvojen\u00e1 a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inovo pas\u00edvna<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 1px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.1em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_Oficialne_stanovisko_biskupskej_konferencie_Ticho_a_diplomacia\"><\/span>A. Ofici\u00e1lne stanovisko biskupskej konferencie (Ticho a diplomacia)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Biskupsk\u00e1 konferencia vo Fulde pod veden\u00edm kardin\u00e1la <strong>Adolfa Bertrama<\/strong> (arcibiskupa z Vratislavi) zvolila politiku <strong>tichej, neverejnej diplomacie<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/germanhistorydocs.org\/en\/occupation-and-the-emergence-of-two-states-1945-1961\/german-bishops-at-fulda-pastoral-letter-by-the-conference-of-catholic-bishops-august-23-1945\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>\u017diadny kolekt\u00edvny protest:<\/strong> Biskupsk\u00e1 konferencia ako celok nikdy po\u010das vojny nevydala verejn\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1senie, ktor\u00e9 by v\u00fdslovne a menovite ods\u00fadilo deport\u00e1cie \u017didov, koncentra\u010dn\u00e9 t\u00e1bory alebo holokaust[<a href=\"https:\/\/contemporarychurchhistory.org\/2020\/06\/ordinary-men-and-ordinary-bishops-the-catholic-church-during-the-second-world-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/german-bishops1988\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>D\u00f4vod pasivity:<\/strong> Prevl\u00e1dala obava, \u017ee otvoren\u00fd konflikt s Hitlerom by viedol k mas\u00edvnej odvete re\u017eimu, \u00fapln\u00e9mu zakazu katol\u00edckej cirkvi v Nemecku a k e\u0161te tvrd\u0161iemu prenasledovaniu[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reichskonkordat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/german-bishops1988\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>]. Kardin\u00e1l Faulhaber v roku 1933 nap\u00edsal, \u017ee otvoren\u00e1 obhajoba \u017didov by \u201epremenila \u00fatok na \u017didov na \u00fatok na cirkev\u201c[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reichskonkordat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">5<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Zameranie na konvertitov:<\/strong> Ofici\u00e1lne \u00fasilie biskupov a charitat\u00edvnych organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed (napr. Raphaels-Werk) sa s\u00fastredilo prim\u00e1rne na ochranu \u201ene\u00e1rijsk\u00fdch katol\u00edkov\u201c (\u017didov, ktor\u00ed konvertovali na katolicizmus), zatia\u013e \u010do osud nepokrsten\u00fdch \u017didov bol zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a prehliadan\u00fd[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/german-bishops1988\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 1px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.1em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"B_Individualne_vynimky_a_odpor\"><\/span>B. Individu\u00e1lne v\u00fdnimky a odpor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Medzi nemeck\u00fdmi biskupmi existovala men\u0161ina, ktor\u00e1 tla\u010dila na tvrd\u0161\u00ed postoj vo\u010di re\u017eimu:<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Konrad von Preysing (biskup v Berl\u00edne):<\/strong> Bol najhlasnej\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1stancom pr\u00e1v \u017didov v nemeckom episkop\u00e1te[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>]. Opakovane naliehal na kardin\u00e1la Bertrama, aby biskupsk\u00e1 konferencia verejne ods\u00fadila deport\u00e1cie[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/german-bishops1988\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>]. S\u00e1m organizoval pomoc pre ukr\u00fdvaj\u00facich sa \u017didov[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/german-bishops1988\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">10<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Clemens August Graf von Galen (biskup v M\u00fcnsteri):<\/strong> V roku 1941 predniesol sl\u00e1vne verejn\u00e9 k\u00e1zne, v ktor\u00fdch ostro ods\u00fadil nacistick\u00fd program eutan\u00e1zie (vra\u017edenie ment\u00e1lne a telesne postihnut\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed v r\u00e1mci programu T4)[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/contemporarychurchhistory.org\/2020\/06\/ordinary-men-and-ordinary-bishops-the-catholic-church-during-the-second-world-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>]. Jeho protest bol tak\u00fd \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd, \u017ee nacisti program ofici\u00e1lne pozastavili. Von Galen sa v\u0161ak vo svojich k\u00e1z\u0148ach systematick\u00e9mu vyvra\u017e\u010fovaniu \u017didov nevenoval.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Kolko_percent_biskupov_podporovalo_nacizmus\"><\/span>4. Ko\u013eko percent biskupov podporovalo nacizmus?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Pojem \u201epodpora\u201c je potrebn\u00e9 vn\u00edma\u0165 v dvoch rovin\u00e1ch: ideologickej a patriotickej.<\/p>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Ideologick\u00e1 podpora (0 %):<\/strong> \u017diadny z ofici\u00e1lnych diec\u00e9znych biskupov v Nemecku nebol \u010dlenom NSDAP a nehl\u00e1sil sa k nacistickej pohanskej rasovej ideol\u00f3gii[<a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/the-german-churches-and-the-nazi-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>]. Na rozdiel od nemeckej protestantskej cirkvi, kde vzniklo siln\u00e9 nacifikovan\u00e9 kr\u00eddlo \u201eNemeck\u00ed kres\u0165ania\u201c (Deutsche Christen), katol\u00edcka cirkev si zachovala ideologick\u00fa nez\u00e1vislos\u0165 a nacistick\u00fa ideol\u00f3giu vn\u00fatorne odmietala[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_bishops_in_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.ushmm.org\/content\/en\/article\/the-german-churches-and-the-nazi-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Patriotick\u00e1 a vojnov\u00e1 podpora (V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina):<\/strong> Mnoh\u00ed biskupi v\u0161ak boli siln\u00ed nemeck\u00ed patrioti a antikomunisti[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/german-bishops-said-to-admit-complicity-in-nazi-actions-in-new-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>]. Po vypuknut\u00ed vojny v roku 1939 nemeck\u00ed biskupi (vr\u00e1tane t\u00fdch kritick\u00fdch k nacizmu) <strong>podporili nemeck\u00e9 vojnov\u00e9 \u00fasilie<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/german-bishops-said-to-admit-complicity-in-nazi-actions-in-new-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/dbk-2020may8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12<\/a>]. Vyz\u00fdvali katol\u00edckych vojakov k lojalite k vlasti, poskytovali po\u013en\u00fdch kapl\u00e1nov pre wehrmacht a premie\u0148ali cirkevn\u00e9 budovy na lazarety[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/german-bishops-said-to-admit-complicity-in-nazi-actions-in-new-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/dbk-2020may8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12<\/a>]. T\u00fdmto nechtiac legitimizovali re\u017eim, ktor\u00fd vojnu viedol[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/german-bishops-said-to-admit-complicity-in-nazi-actions-in-new-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4 style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 1px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.1em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Extremne_pripady\"><\/span>Extr\u00e9mne pr\u00edpady:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 20px;\">\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Alois Hudal (rak\u00fasky biskup v R\u00edme):<\/strong> Bol najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm pro-nacistick\u00fdm katol\u00edckym klerikom. Vo svojej knihe z roku 1937 sa pok\u00fasil teologicky zos\u00faladi\u0165 katolicizmus s n\u00e1rodn\u00fdm socializmom. Po vojne pom\u00e1hal nacistick\u00fdm vojnov\u00fdm zlo\u010dincom unika\u0165 z Eur\u00f3py (tzv. krysie l\u00ednie)[<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13<\/a>]. Hudal v\u0161ak nebol \u010dlenom nemeckej biskupskej konferencie.<\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><strong>Wilhelm Berning (biskup v Osnabr\u00fccku):<\/strong> Prijal od Hermanna G\u00f6ringa \u010destn\u00e9 miesto v pruskej \u0161t\u00e1tnej rade v n\u00e1deji, \u017ee t\u00fdm ochr\u00e1ni z\u00e1ujmy cirkvi, za \u010do bol nesk\u00f4r silne kritizovan\u00fd.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 2px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.15; font-size: 1.25em;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Priznanie_spoluviny_2020\"><\/span>5. Priznanie spoluviny (2020)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Trvalo desa\u0165ro\u010dia, k\u00fdm nemeck\u00e1 katol\u00edcka cirkev prehodnotila svoje p\u00f4sobenie po\u010das Tretej r\u00ed\u0161e[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ccjr.us\/dialogika-resources\/documents-and-statements\/roman-catholic\/other-conferences-of-catholic-bishops\/dbk-2020may8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Pri pr\u00edle\u017eitosti 75. v\u00fdro\u010dia konca druhej svetovej vojny (8. m\u00e1ja 2020) vydala Nemeck\u00e1 biskupsk\u00e1 konferencia prelomov\u00fd 23-stranov\u00fd dokument s n\u00e1zvom <strong>\u201eNemeck\u00ed biskupi po\u010das svetovej vojny\u201c<\/strong>[<a href=\"https:\/\/religionmediacentre.org.uk\/news\/german-bishops-admit-complicity-in-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/contemporarychurchhistory.org\/2020\/06\/the-german-catholic-bishops-and-the-second-world-war-a-historic-reappraisal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">V tomto ofici\u00e1lnom vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed nemeck\u00ed biskupi priamo nap\u00edsali[<a href=\"https:\/\/religionmediacentre.org.uk\/news\/german-bishops-admit-complicity-in-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/german-bishops-said-to-admit-complicity-in-nazi-actions-in-new-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>]:<\/p>\r\n<blockquote style=\"margin: 4px 0 4px 15px; padding: 0 0 0 10px; border-left: 3px solid #ccc; line-height: 1.25; font-style: italic; color: #555;\">\r\n<p>\u201eT\u00fdm, \u017ee sa biskupi nepostavili proti vojne s jasn\u00fdm \u201enie\u201c a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich naopak posil\u0148ovala odhodlanie n\u00e1roda vytrva\u0165, stali sa spolup\u00e1chate\u013emi (spoluvinn\u00edkmi) na vojne.\u201c[<a href=\"https:\/\/religionmediacentre.org.uk\/news\/german-bishops-admit-complicity-in-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1<\/a>][<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/german-bishops-said-to-admit-complicity-in-nazi-actions-in-new-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>]<br \/>\r\n\u201eBiskupi s\u00edce nezdie\u013eali nacistick\u00e9 rasov\u00e9 od\u00f4vodnenie vojny, ale ich slov\u00e1 a \u010diny dod\u00e1vali vojakom aj re\u017eimu podporu a dod\u00e1vali vojne \u010fal\u0161\u00ed zmysel.\u201c[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesofisrael.com\/german-bishops-said-to-admit-complicity-in-nazi-actions-in-new-report\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">11<\/a>]<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\">Biskupi v dokumente v\u00fdslovne priznali, \u017ee ich predchodcovia po\u010das nacizmu zlyhali, preto\u017ee ml\u010dali pri prenasledovan\u00ed a vyvra\u017e\u010fovan\u00ed mili\u00f3nov \u017eidovsk\u00fdch spoluob\u010danov[<a href=\"https:\/\/contemporarychurchhistory.org\/2020\/06\/ordinary-men-and-ordinary-bishops-the-catholic-church-during-the-second-world-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9<\/a>].<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 4px; padding: 0; line-height: 1.25;\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Adolf Hitler sa narodil 19 rokov po zatvoren\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho geta v p\u00e1pe\u017eskom \u0161t\u00e1te. In\u0161piroval sa n\u00edm Nacisti v 20. storo\u010d\u00ed nevymysleli ozna\u010dovanie \u017didov \u017eltou farbou \u2013 iba zmodernizovali a zneu\u017eili stredovek\u00e9 a novovek\u00e9 nariadenia, v ktor\u00fdch hral P\u00e1pe\u017esk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t a r\u00edmske katol\u00edcke pr\u00e1vo z\u00e1sadn\u00fa \u00falohu[1]. Ke\u010f\u017ee v roku 2026 m\u00e1me k dispoz\u00edcii detailne zmapovan\u00e9 historick\u00e9 &#8230; <a title=\"Spolupr\u00e1ca medzi Katol\u00edckou cirkvou a nemeck\u00fdm nacizmom\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/sk\/spolupraca-medzi-katolickou-cirkvou-a-nemeckym-nacizmom\/\" aria-label=\"Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si viac o Spolupr\u00e1ca medzi Katol\u00edckou cirkvou a nemeck\u00fdm nacizmom\">\u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3779","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-krestanstvo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3779","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3779"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3779\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3783,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3779\/revisions\/3783"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/filozofia.nett.to\/krestanstvo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}